Weather simulation test wip

This commit is contained in:
Nikita Lisitsa 2025-12-07 13:31:15 +03:00
parent 253eda65ce
commit 9e4a96f622

View file

@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
#include <psemek/random/generator.hpp>
#include <psemek/random/device.hpp>
#include <psemek/random/uniform_ball.hpp>
#include <psemek/pcg/perlin.hpp>
#include <psemek/pcg/fractal.hpp>
#include <psemek/util/ndarray.hpp>
#include <psemek/log/log.hpp>
@ -16,30 +18,98 @@ struct weather_app
{
static constexpr int N = 128;
const float dt = 0.2f;
const float viscosity = 0.f;
const float temperature_diffusion = 0.001f;
const float cooling = 1.f / 300.f;
const float cooling_factor = std::exp(- cooling * dt);
const float heating = 323.f * (std::exp(cooling * dt) - 1.f) / dt;
const float coriolis = 0.f;
const float coriolis_bands = 2.f;
const float friction = 0.f;
// const float friction_factor = 1.f - std::exp(- friction * dt);
const bool periodic_x = false;
float expected_temperature_at(int y)
{
// float latitude = (y - N * 0.5f) * 2.f / N;
// return std::cos(latitude * float(math::pi));
return temperature_income_at(y) * dt / (std::exp(cooling * dt) - 1.f);
}
float temperature_income_at(int y)
{
float latitude = (y - N * 0.5f) * 2.f / N;
// return heating * math::lerp(0.75f, 1.f, std::cos(latitude * float(math::pi) / 2.f));
return heating * math::lerp(0.6f, 1.f, 1.f - std::abs(latitude));
}
weather_app(options const &, context const &)
{
simulation_box_ = {{{0.f, N}, {0.f, N}}};
obstacle_.resize({N, N}, 0.f);
terrain_.resize({N, N}, 0.f);
velocity_.resize({N, N});
new_velocity_.resize({N, N});
pressure_.resize({N, N}, 0.f);
temperature_.resize({N, N}, -1.f);
new_temperature_.resize({N, N});
average_temperature_.resize({N, N}, 0.f);
random::generator rng{random::device{}};
// random::generator rng{0, 0};
random::uniform_ball_vector_distribution<float, 2> random_velocity{};
for (auto & v : velocity_)
v = random_velocity(rng);
// for (auto & v : velocity_)
// {
// v = random_velocity(rng) * 0.01f;
// v += std::cos(0.5f * float(math::pi) * latitude * coriolis_bands
// }
for (int y = 0; y < N; ++y)
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; ++x)
{
// velocity_(x, y)[0] += (y*1.f/N-0.5f);
temperature_(x, y) = 0.5f - std::abs(y*2.f/N - 1.f);
float latitude = (N * 0.5f - y) * 2.f / N;
velocity_(x, y) = random_velocity(rng) * 1.1f + 0.001f * math::vector{-std::cos(0.5f * float(math::pi) * latitude * coriolis_bands), 0.f};
temperature_(x, y) = expected_temperature_at(y);
}
}
std::vector<pcg::perlin<float, 2>> octaves;
std::vector<float> weights;
random::uniform_sphere_vector_distribution<float, 2> random_vector{};
for (int octave = 0; octave < 8; ++octave)
{
int size = 4 << octave;
util::ndarray<math::vector<float, 2>, 2> gradients({size + 1, size + 1});
for (auto & g : gradients)
g = random_vector(rng);
octaves.emplace_back(std::move(gradients));
weights.push_back(std::pow(2.f, - 0.75f * octave));
}
float weight_sum = 0.f;
for (auto w : weights)
weight_sum += w;
for (auto & w : weights)
w /= weight_sum;
pcg::fractal<pcg::perlin<float, 2>> noise(std::move(octaves), std::move(weights));
for (int y = 0; y < N; ++y)
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; ++x)
{
auto d = math::length(math::vector{x - N / 2.f, y - N / 2.f}) / (N / 2.f);
(void)d;
float value = noise((x + 0.5f) / N, (y + 0.5f) / N);
value = pow(value, 4.f) - d / 4.f;
terrain_(x, y) = std::max(0.f, math::lerp(1.f, 16.f, value));
}
}
}
@ -55,8 +125,17 @@ struct weather_app
if (event.down && event.key == app::keycode::T)
show_temperature_ ^= true;
if (event.down && event.key == app::keycode::D)
show_temperature_delta_ ^= true;
if (event.down && event.key == app::keycode::A)
show_average_temperature_delta_ ^= true;
if (event.down && event.key == app::keycode::P)
show_pressure_ ^= true;
if (event.down && event.key == app::keycode::H)
show_land_ ^= true;
}
void update() override
@ -64,21 +143,14 @@ struct weather_app
if (paused_)
return;
float const dt = 0.2f;
float const viscosity = 0.f;
float const temperature_diffusion = 0.01f;
float const heating = 0.001f;
float const coriolis = 0.1f;
float const coriolis_bands = 5.f;
float const friction = 0.1f;
float const friction_factor = 1.f - std::exp(- friction * dt);
// Temperature source
for (int y = 0; y < N; ++y)
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; ++x)
{
temperature_(x, y) += dt * heating * (0.5f - std::abs(y*2.f/N - 1.f));
// temperature_(x, y) = math::lerp(temperature_(x, y), expected_temperature_at(y), 1.f - std::exp(- heating * dt));
temperature_(x, y) += dt * temperature_income_at(y);
temperature_(x, y) *= cooling_factor;
}
}
@ -87,19 +159,39 @@ struct weather_app
return (i + N) % N;
};
int xmin = periodic_x ? 0 : 1;
int xmax = periodic_x ? N : N - 1; // exclusive
// Velocity & temperature advection
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
{
new_temperature_(i, 0) = temperature_(i, 0);
new_temperature_(i, N - 1) = temperature_(i, N - 1);
if (!periodic_x)
{
new_temperature_(0, i) = temperature_(0, i);
new_temperature_(N - 1, i) = temperature_(N - 1, i);
}
}
for (int y = 1; y < N - 1; ++y)
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; ++x)
for (int x = xmin; x < xmax; ++x)
{
auto v = velocity_(x, y);
auto p = math::point{x + 0.5f, y + 0.5f} - dt * v;
p[0] = math::clamp(p[0] - 0.5f, {0.f, N - 1.f});
p[0] = p[0] - 0.5f;
p[1] = math::clamp(p[1] - 0.5f, {0.f, N - 1.f});
if (!periodic_x)
p[0] = math::clamp(p[0], {0.f, N - 1.f});
int ix = std::floor(p[0]);
int iy = std::min<int>(N - 1, std::floor(p[1]));
if (!periodic_x)
ix = std::min(N - 1, ix);
float tx = p[0] - ix;
float ty = p[1] - iy;
@ -125,7 +217,7 @@ struct weather_app
new_velocity_(x, y) = velocity_(x, y);
for (int y = 1; y < N - 1; ++y)
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; ++x)
for (int x = xmin; x < xmax; ++x)
{
// Velocity Laplacian
auto laplacian = velocity_(wrap(x + 1), y) + velocity_(wrap(x - 1), y) + velocity_(x, y + 1) + velocity_(x, y - 1) - 4.f * velocity_(x, y);
@ -140,7 +232,7 @@ struct weather_app
new_temperature_(x, y) = temperature_(x, y);
for (int y = 1; y < N - 1; ++y)
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; ++x)
for (int x = xmin; x < xmax; ++x)
{
// Temperature Laplacian
auto laplacian = temperature_(wrap(x + 1), y) + temperature_(wrap(x - 1), y) + temperature_(x, y + 1) + temperature_(x, y - 1) - 4.f * temperature_(x, y);
@ -152,15 +244,17 @@ struct weather_app
// Apply forces & friction
for (int y = 1; y < N - 1; ++y)
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; ++x)
for (int x = xmin; x < xmax; ++x)
{
float latitude = (N * 0.5f - y) * 2.f / N;
// float latitude = (N - y) * 1.f / N;
velocity_(x, y) += math::ort(velocity_(x, y)) * (coriolis * dt * std::sin(0.5f * float(math::pi) * latitude * coriolis_bands));
// velocity_(x, y) += math::ort(velocity_(x, y)) * (coriolis * dt * std::sin(0.5f * float(math::pi) * latitude * coriolis_bands));
velocity_(x, y) = math::rotate(velocity_(x, y), coriolis * dt * std::sin(0.5f * float(math::pi) * latitude * coriolis_bands));
bool is_land = math::length(math::vector{x - N / 2.f, y - N / 4.f}) < N / 8.f;
if (is_land && false)
velocity_(x, y) -= friction_factor * velocity_(x, y);// * math::length(velocity_(x, y));
float local_friction = friction * terrain_(x, y);
// velocity_(x, y) -= local_friction * velocity_(x, y) * math::length(velocity_(x, y));
float local_friction_factor = std::exp(- local_friction * dt);
velocity_(x, y) *= local_friction_factor;
}
}
@ -169,7 +263,7 @@ struct weather_app
{
for (int y = 1; y < N - 1; ++y)
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; ++x)
for (int x = xmin; x < xmax; ++x)
{
// Velocity divergence
float divergence = (velocity_(wrap(x + 1), y)[0] - velocity_(wrap(x - 1), y)[0] + velocity_(x, y + 1)[1] - velocity_(x, y - 1)[1]) / 2.f;
@ -183,15 +277,21 @@ struct weather_app
// Apply boundary conditions for pressure
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
{
// pressure_(0, i) = pressure_(1, i);
// pressure_(N - 1, i) = pressure_(N - 2, i);
if (!periodic_x)
{
pressure_(0, i) = pressure_(1, i);
pressure_(N - 1, i) = pressure_(N - 2, i);
}
pressure_(i, 0) = pressure_(i, 1);
pressure_(i, N - 1) = pressure_(i, N - 2);
}
// pressure_(0, 0) = (pressure_(0, 1) + pressure_(1, 0)) / 2.f;
// pressure_(N-1, 0) = (pressure_(N-1, 1) + pressure_(N-2, 0)) / 2.f;
// pressure_(0, N-1) = (pressure_(0, N-2) + pressure_(1, N-2)) / 2.f;
// pressure_(N-1, N-1) = (pressure_(N-1, N-2) + pressure_(N-2, N-1)) / 2.f;
if (!periodic_x)
{
pressure_(0, 0) = (pressure_(0, 1) + pressure_(1, 0)) / 2.f;
pressure_(N-1, 0) = (pressure_(N-1, 1) + pressure_(N-2, 0)) / 2.f;
pressure_(0, N-1) = (pressure_(0, N-2) + pressure_(1, N-2)) / 2.f;
pressure_(N-1, N-1) = (pressure_(N-1, N-2) + pressure_(N-2, N-1)) / 2.f;
}
// Normalize pressure
float average_pressure = 0.f;
@ -205,7 +305,7 @@ struct weather_app
// by subtracting pressure gradient
for (int y = 1; y < N - 1; ++y)
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; ++x)
for (int x = xmin; x < xmax; ++x)
{
// Pressure gradient
math::vector gradient{pressure_(wrap(x + 1), y) - pressure_(wrap(x - 1), y), pressure_(x, y + 1) - pressure_(x, y - 1)};
@ -216,11 +316,25 @@ struct weather_app
// Apply boundary conditions for velocity
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
{
// velocity_(0, i)[0] = -velocity_(1, i)[0];
// velocity_(N-1, i)[0] = -velocity_(N-2, i)[0];
if (!periodic_x)
{
velocity_(0, i)[0] = -velocity_(1, i)[0];
velocity_(N-1, i)[0] = -velocity_(N-2, i)[0];
}
velocity_(i, 0)[1] = -velocity_(i, 1)[1];
velocity_(i, N-2)[1] = -velocity_(i, N-2)[1];
}
++frame_;
// Update all-time average temperature
for (int y = 0; y < N; ++y)
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; ++x)
{
average_temperature_(x, y) = math::lerp(average_temperature_(x, y), temperature_(x, y), 1.f / frame_);
}
}
}
void present() override
@ -251,28 +365,28 @@ struct weather_app
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; ++x)
{
if (show_temperature_ || show_pressure_)
{
float value = 0.f;
if (show_temperature_)
value = 2.f * temperature_(x, y);
else if (show_pressure_)
value = 1000.f * pressure_(x, y);
gfx::color_4f color = gfx::color_4f::zero();
gfx::color_4f color;
if (value > 0.f)
{
value = 1.f - std::exp(- value);
color = {value, value * 0.5f, value * 0.125f, 1.f};
}
else
{
value = 1.f - std::exp(value);
color = {value * 0.125f, value * 0.5f, value, 1.f};
}
auto map_color = [](float value, gfx::color_4f const & negative, gfx::color_4f const & positive){
return math::lerp(negative, positive, 1.f/ (1.f + std::exp(- value)));
};
if (show_land_)
color = gfx::blend(color, map_color(terrain_(x, y), {-1.f, -1.f, -1.f, 1.f}, {1.f, 1.f, 1.f, 1.f}));
if (show_temperature_)
color = gfx::blend(color, map_color(0.1f * (temperature_(x, y) - 273.f), {0.125f, 0.5f, 1.f, 0.75f}, {1.f, 0.5f, 0.125f, 0.75f}));
if (show_temperature_delta_)
color = gfx::blend(color, map_color((temperature_(x, y) - expected_temperature_at(y)), {0.125f, 0.5f, 1.f, 0.75f}, {1.f, 0.5f, 0.125f, 0.75f}));
if (show_average_temperature_delta_)
color = gfx::blend(color, map_color((average_temperature_(x, y) - expected_temperature_at(y)), {0.125f, 0.5f, 1.f, 0.75f}, {1.f, 0.5f, 0.125f, 0.75f}));
if (show_pressure_)
color = gfx::blend(color, map_color(1000.f * pressure_(x, y), {0.f, 0.f, 1.f, 0.75f}, {1.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.75f}));
painter_.rect({{{x, x + 1.f}, {y, y + 1.f}}}, gfx::to_coloru8(color));
}
if (show_velocity_)
{
@ -297,6 +411,9 @@ struct weather_app
++row;
};
push_text(std::format("Frame {}", frame_));
push_text(std::format("Day {:.2f}", frame_ / (720.f / dt)));
if (mouseover_cell)
{
int x = (*mouseover_cell)[0];
@ -304,9 +421,12 @@ struct weather_app
painter_.rect({{{x, x + 1.f}, {y, y + 1.f}}}, {255, 255, 255, 127});
push_text(std::format("{} {}", x, y));
push_text(std::format("V = {} {}", velocity_(x, y)[0], velocity_(x, y)[1]));
push_text(std::format("P = {}", pressure_(x, y)));
push_text(std::format("T = {}", temperature_(x, y)));
push_text(std::format("V = {:.3f} {:.3f}", velocity_(x, y)[0] * 1000.f, velocity_(x, y)[1] * 1000.f));
push_text(std::format("P = {:.3f}", pressure_(x, y)));
push_text(std::format("T = {:.3f}", temperature_(x, y) - 273.f));
push_text(std::format("A = {:.3f}", average_temperature_(x, y) - 273.f));
push_text(std::format("E = {:.3f}", expected_temperature_at(y) - 273.f));
push_text(std::format("H = {:.3f}", terrain_(x, y)));
}
painter_.render(math::orthographic_camera{view_box}.transform());
@ -319,15 +439,21 @@ private:
bool paused_ = true;
bool show_velocity_ = true;
bool show_temperature_ = true;
bool show_temperature_ = false;
bool show_temperature_delta_ = false;
bool show_average_temperature_delta_ = false;
bool show_pressure_ = false;
bool show_land_ = true;
util::ndarray<float, 2> obstacle_;
util::ndarray<float, 2> terrain_;
util::ndarray<math::vector<float, 2>, 2> velocity_;
util::ndarray<math::vector<float, 2>, 2> new_velocity_;
util::ndarray<float, 2> pressure_;
util::ndarray<float, 2> temperature_;
util::ndarray<float, 2> new_temperature_;
util::ndarray<float, 2> average_temperature_;
int frame_ = 0;
};
namespace psemek::app